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Fractions
Objectives
To compare sizes of different fractions.
To understand the connection between the numerator (top number) and denominator (bottom number) in fractions.
To recognise equivalent fractions.
Resources
Abacus 4 Textbook 1 | Scrap paper | Introducing Equivalent Fractions (MyMaths) | Assignment 2
Today's Lesson
Main Activity
Turn to page 55 in Abacus 4 Textbook 1.
Look at the ‘fraction wall’ at the top of the page. Draw attention to the ‘1 whole’ bar at the top of the diagram, then show the different sizes of the individual pieces that have been divided below it. Ask your student to find 1/2 (one half) and 2/4 (two quarters). Ask your student to colour them in to demonstrate that they are the same size. In mathematics we use the term ‘equivalent’ to show that two fractions represent equal amounts. Ask your student to find two other fractions that are the same size or equivalent. For example, 4/8.
Write all the different fractions down and draw your student's attention to the fact that the top number on each fraction is exactly half the bottom number. Explain to your student that any fraction where the top number is half of the bottom number will be the same value as 1/2. We say these fractions are equivalent to 1/2.
Watch the ‘Fractions’ video to understand how to compare fractions using a fraction wall.
Run through activity 5 on Introducing Equivalent Fractions (MyMaths) to see an interactive version if required.
Turn to page 54.
For questions 1 – 8, ask your student to find the two fractions on their fraction wall and to compare which is the larger and which the smaller. Then, place the appropriate symbol ‘<’ or ‘ >’ in between the fractions.
Now, look at Q9 – 17 and ask you student to work out what fraction is shaded (in the same way as the last lesson).
Once they have the fractions for Q9 – 17, discuss the ‘Think’ activity. Use the fraction wall to see if any of the fractions can be written using smaller numbers.
Please note, at this stage only use the fraction wall to demonstrate this idea. It can be quite a difficult concept for students to understand. If your student does find it too difficult, allow them to cut up pieces of paper to help with comparing fractions.
Now complete Assignment 2.